Fatehpur

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Tehsil Fatehpur, District Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh, Bharat
Fatehpur district is one of the 71 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. The district covers an area of 4,152 km². The district has a population of 2,308,384 (2001 Census). Fatehpur city is the administrative headquarters of the district. Located on the banks of the sacred rivers Ganga and Jamuna, Fatehpur was mentioned in the puranic literature. The ghats of Bhitora and Asni were described as sacred in the puranas. Bhitaura, the site of the sage Bhrigu, was an important source of learning. Fatehpur district is a part of Allahabad Division.

This district is situated between two important cities Allahabad, which is also known as "Prayag", and Kanpur of state Uttar Pradesh. This is well connected with those cities by train route and road. The distance from Allahabad is 117 km and from Kanpur is 76 km by railway. The north boundary of the district is limited by river Ganga and southern is ended with river Yamuna.

In the Vedic era the region of this district was known as "Antardesh", which means the fertile area between two big rivers. Later, it was known as "Madhyadesh" which means central region. The northern region of the district is influenced with "Avadhi" culture while southern part shows effect of the "Bundelkhand". The region of Fatehpur was included in the district Vatsa, which was one among sixteen districts described in the Buddhist literature.The known history of Fatehpur is as old as the Vedik era. General Karningham has written about "Bhitaura" & "Asani" places of this district, while discussing about the residuals of the Vedic Period. There are proofs that Chinese traveller Hwensaung visited the Asani place of this district.

In village Renh, which is 25 km in south-west of Fatehpur town, some articles of archeological interest have been found which are of time 800 B.C. Many articles like coins, bricks, idols etc. of Maurya period, Kushan period & Gupta period have been found through out the district. Many temples of Gupta period still exist in village Tenduli, Korari, Sarhan Bujurg etc., which are very important from the archeological point of view. Golden coins of period of Chandragupta-II have been recovered from village Bijauli. The bricks used in fort of Asani are also of Gupta Period.

There is an old decaying fort in Ayah said to have been built by the martial Arakhs (also called 'Arkawanshi kshatriyas'), who ruled this region (including Khaga) before 11th century. The Arakh rulers were the worshippers of Sun God ('Lord Arka' अर्कदेव) and Lord Shiva, hence many ancient Sun and Shiva idols have been found in and around the region. The British chronicles make a mention of the fort.

The Khajuha town, situated on Mughal road is very old town. It's description has been found in old Hindu scripture "Brahm Puran", which is 5000 years old. In 1561 A.D., Moghal emperor Humayun passed through this town while envading Jaunpur state. On January 5, 1659 A.D., Mughal emperor Aurangjeb had a fierce battle with his brother prince Shahshuja, and killed him near this place. To celebrate the victory, he constructed a large beautiful garden "Badshahi Bagh" and a big lodge having 130 rooms.

During Mughal regime, the control of Fatehpur shifted time to time to the hands of Jaunpur, Delhi and Kannauj. In 1801 A.D., this region came under control of East India Company and in 1814 this was given the status of a sub-division (Paragana), while the headquarter was at Bhitaura, which is now a block office. In 1826 A.D., the Fatehpur was redesignated as a District headquarter.